self-protection
Identity theft is the deliberate assumption of another person's identity, usually to gain access to their finances or frame them for a crime. Less commonly, it is to enable illegal immigration, terrorism, espionage, or changing identity permanently. It may also be a means of blackmail, especially if medical privacy or political privacy has been breached, and if revealing the activities undertaken by the thief under the name of the victim would have serious consequences like loss of job or marriage.
Assuming a false identity with the knowledge and approval of the person being impersonated, such as for cheating on an exam, is not considered to be identity theft.
Techniques for obtaining identification information range from the crude, such as stealing mail or rummaging through rubbish, stealing personal information in computer databases, to infiltration of organizations that store large amounts of personal information.
Identity theft is usually the result of serious breaches of privacy. Except for the simplest credit-related cases, it is usually not possible without breakdowns in customer privacy, in which case the consequences may be limited to fraud on one corporation, typically the one that leaked the data in the first place, consumer privacy, more serious, where credit card numbers or other generally-useful identity data is stolen and used much more widely, client confidentiality and political privacy, making it easy to effectively impersonate someone, by using confidential information that an ordinary impersonator would not have access to.
Contrary to popular belief, illegal access to personal information often happens through traditional means such as paper financial statements, checks or credit cards, and the perpetrator is often someone previously known to the victim, such as a "friend", family member, or acquaintance.
Tips For Preventing Identity Theft
Minimize the use of mail for sending or receiving financial documents, checks, and have your name removed from junk mail lists (8% of identity fraud results from stolen mail).
Mail letters from the post office. In America, where standalone mailboxes are common, install a lock on the box.
Check your bank accounts each week online or at an ATM.
Shred credit-card receipts, junk mail and other such documents, as they may contain private information.
Never give out personal information in response to telemarketers and delete all e-mails that claim to be from your bank (or other financial provider) and ask you to "log in" using a hyperlink embedded in the e-mail message. If in doubt as to the legitimacy for such requests, use a telephone to call marketers or financial providers back.
When shopping online, make sure the company is reputable and displays an approved security symbol. Also, make sure you log out of the site when finished.
Request your own credit report each year and check the reports for inaccuracies. If you've been the target of identity fraud, check the data every six months.
If you are a target, keep copies of police reports and records of who you talked to and when, so that you can back up the claim of fraud. Individuals who consider themselves at higher risk of identity fraud should consider purchasing fee-based credit monitoring services, which will notify you of any new accounts or credit inquiries made on your behalf.
Limit the amount of personal information you publish on the web. Small fragments here and there may be enough for someone to impersonate you in many ways. Be especially careful with information used as security keywords for banks, e.g. mother's maiden name.
Don't divulge personal information such as date of birth to organizations that have no need of it - nearly all commercial organizations.
Don't routinely carry identity documents unless obliged by law to do so.
Do not allow anyone to copy your identification documents. If commercial organizations require you to submit a copy as a condition of doing business either don't do business with them, or retrieve the copy when your business ends.
If someone calls you claiming to be from a financial institution you do business with asking for personal information - do not give it to them. Ask them why they want the information, hang up, and then call the institution.
Don't order checks preprinted with your driver's license or social security number. If you can keep your address off them, do so.
Don't carry your social security card. Don't give out the number unless it is absolutely necessary or legally required (employers, landlords etc.). In states where your drivers license number is your social security number, be equally careful about who sees your license.
Theft from Auto
One of the most common types of theft is theft of valuables from your automobile.
Theft from auto is strictly a crime of opportunity that can be prevented if you take away the opportunity.
Thieves generally won't waste their time breaking into autos that don't have valuables in plain sight.
The best way to prevent theft from your auto is to always keep valuables out of sight. Never leave cell phones, briefcases, suitcases, or small electronic devices (walkmans, palm pilots, etc.) in your car in plain view. Take these items with you, or secure them all the time, every time.
If your car has a trunk, use it. Put valuables in there or in a locked glove compartment. Hiding items under seats is better than leaving them in plain view, but securing them inside the glove compartment or trunk is a far better deterrent.
During the holiday season especially, or any time you're shopping, place packages in the trunk, not on the passenger seats or floors.
Look for car radios or other sound systems that can operate only in the vehicle it was originally installed in. This reduces the risk of theft.
If you can unfasten your sound system and take it with you, or lock it in your trunk, do so. And don't forget to do the same with your CDs and tapes.
Also, keep your car doors and windows locked all the time!
Carjacking is the crime of motor vehicle theft from a person who is present. Typically the carjacker is armed, and the driver of the car is forced out of the car at gunpoint.
The crime is extremely hazardous to the physical safety of both the carjacker and victim. The victim may be able to outmaneuver the carjacker and run over him. To secure compliance, the carjacker may shoot the victim or physically push the victim out of the driver's seat without ensuring that the victim has fully separated from the vehicle. In turn, many people have been entangled in their seat belts or the front grille, and were then dragged to death.
In the United States, a law was passed in 1992 making carjacking a federal crime, amid a large amount of media attention on an apparent rash of carjacking thefts, several of which resulted in homicide.
The United States Department of Justice estimates that in about half of all carjacking attempts, the attacker succeeds in stealing the victim's car. It estimated that between 1987 and 1992, about 35,000 carjacking attempts took place per year, and between 1992 and 1996, about 49,000 attempts took place per year. Carjacking has become more frequent over the years due to sophisticated devices and computer systems aimed at preventing and discouraging traditional motor vehicle theft.
Golden opportunities for carjackers include:
Intersections controlled by stop lights or signs.
Garages and parking lots for mass transit, shopping malls, and grocery stores.
Self-serve gas stations and car washes.
ATMs (automated teller machines).
Residential driveways and streets as people get into and out of cars.
Highway exit and entry ramps, or anyplace else that drivers slow down or stop.
Prevention Tips for Carjacking
Keep your car properly maintained to avoid breakdowns.
Never leave valuables in plain view, even if the car is locked.
Carry a cellular phone or ham radio for emergency communications.
Keep your car locked at all times. Don't leave windows rolled down far enough for people to reach inside.
Avoid driving alone. Go with someone whenever possible, especially at night.
Whenever possible, have someone escort you to your car. As you approach your car, check the entire area for suspicious persons. If you don't like what you see, turn around and go back.
Walk with purpose and stay alert.
Be wary of people asking for directions or handing out fliers.
Always check inside your car before you get in.
Park in well-lighted areas close to the mall or business entrance.
Avoid parking next to vans or high profile vehicles.
Have your keys ready as you approach your car to avoid wasting precious seconds while entering. Lock all doors immediately.
If a robber wants your car or other valuables, it is usually best to cooperate. Arguing or fighting may cause the robber to escalate to violence.
Plan for the unexpected and practice mental and physical responses to such situations. Your life may depend on it.
Trust your instincts - if something makes you feel uneasy, get into the car quickly, lock the doors, and drive away.
When you're coming to a stop, leave enough room to maneuver around other cars, especially if you sense trouble and need to get away.
Drive in the center lane to make it harder for would-be carjackers to approach the car.
If you're bumped by another car, look around before you get out. Make sure there are other cars around, check out the car that's rear-ended you and who's in it.
If you do get out of the car, take your keys (and purse or wallet if you have one) with you and stay alert.
Don't stop to assist a stranger whose car is broken down. Help instead by driving to the nearest phone and calling police to help.
If the carjacker threatens you with a gun or other weapon, give up your car. Don't argue. Your life is worth more than a car.
Get away from the area as quickly as possible.
Try to remember what the carjacker looked like - sex, race, age, hair and eye color, special features, clothes.
Report the crime immediately to the police.
Fireworks Safety Tips
Fireworks and celebrations go together. But fireworks can be dangerous, causing serious burn and eye injuries. Fireworks should be used by adult professionals. If fireworks are legal where you live and you decide to set them off on your own, be sure to follow these important safety tips:
Only buy from reliable fireworks sellers
Store fireworks in a cool, dry place
Always have an adult present. Let grownups handle the fireworks.
Always read and follow label directions and warnings
Be sure other people are out of range before lighting fireworks.
Only ignite fireworks outdoors
Only light fireworks on a smooth, flat surface away from the house, dry leaves, and flammable materials.
Be sure to have water handy
The shooter should always wear eye protection and never have any part of the body over the firework.
Light only one at a time
Never throw fireworks at another person
Never carry fireworks in your pocket
Never shoot fireworks in metal or glass containers
Never experiment or make your own fireworks.
Never try to relight fireworks that have not fully functioned.
Dispose of fireworks properly
Stay away from illegal explosives.
Jellyfish Precaution Tips
Jellyfish, stingrays, and other creatures are a fact of life in the ocean. To avoid getting stung by aquatic life, stay out of infested waters (look for warning signs and flags posted by lifeguards) and, if possible, look where you step or walk when you're in the water.
Most of the time, jellyfish and stingray stings cause only local reactions--for instance, stinging , redness and burning that lasts anywhere from a few minutes to few hours. However, their stings--as well as the stings of other marine life--can also cause a more generalized reaction and, rarely, result in death. In such severe cases, doctors may prescribe antibiotics, antihistamines or, in very severe cases, steroids. If you begin to feel weak, nauseated or hot after being stung, seek emergency treatment immediately. In addition, get medical help for any sting that results in blisters, as well as for stings on the face or neck; reactions in these areas can be particularly severe.
There are no over-the-counter drugs approved specifically for the relief of jellyfish stings.
Treating Jellyfish Stings:
Protect rescuers from contact with the jellyfish or jellyfish tentacles. All rescuers should consider protective clothing and gloves in order to protect themselves so they can better rescue and treat the victim.
Remove the victim from the water.
Rinse the affected area with salt water or don't rinse it at all. Do not rinse the involved area of skin with fresh water, because it will further activate nematocysts and worsen the reaction.
Using protective gloves or forceps, remove any tentacles still in contact with the victim.
Apply acetic acid 5% (white vinegar). This will inactivate undischarged nematocysts and the toxin and will help to decrease symptoms.
Use over-the-counter pain medications such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) to control pain symptoms. Immobilize the area that was poisoned to prevent further spread. For example, if a foot was stung, encourage the victim to keep the area still with as little movement as possible.
Common Misconceptions about Pickpockets
An experienced pickpocket is not necessarily the sleazy person lurking in dark doorways we expect to see. He (or she!) appears as an average person in both appearance and manner.
Because of their chosen "line of work," they spend a great deal of time studying how to blend into a crowd, therefore eliminating the possibility of detection before they can get away.
Pickpockets don't have a regular schedule; they operate just as well at night as they do during the day.
They operate in crowds just as easily as "accidentally" bumping into an unsuspecting victim alone on a sidewalk.
In fact, about the only "known" fact about pickpockets is that they generally focus on the public during times when they may be carrying more money than usual, such as during the holidays, at store sales, at fairs or carnivals, at casinos, or near bank entrances, etc.
Many times, pickpockets work alone; however, there are also teams of two or three, which sometimes will involve a female accomplice.
The first team member removes the valuables from the unsuspecting victim's pockets. He then passes them on to the next member who disappears quickly from the area. When a female member is used, her role is generally to engage the victim in conversation to distract his or her attention.
Contrary to what most of us believe, experienced pickpockets do not put their hands all the way into your pocket to steal your belongings.
The expert pickpocket reaches into the top of the pocket, takes up a pleat in the lining, and continually folds the lining up until the bottom of the pocket (holding your valuables) reaches the top of the pocket. This entire act only takes a second or two.
Pickpocket Prevention Tips for Men
The target areas are back trouser pockets, and suitcoat and sports jacket pockets, located both inside and out.
A pickpocket generally avoids front trouser pockets, and especially buttoned or zippered pockets.
If you have to carry your wallet in an unbuttoned jacket, coat or pants pocket, be sure it holds only what you can afford to lose.
Keep large sums of money, credit cards, IDs, in your front pocket or any buttoned or zippered pocket.
Some people even place a rubber band around their wallet, because the rubber band creates friction and rubs against the fabric of your pocket if someone is attempting to remove it without your knowledge.
The best place for keys is on a chain attached to your clothing.
Never pat your pocket to see if your
wallet is there; this lets a criminal know the exact location of your valuables.
Pickpocket Prevention Tips for Women
Do not carry your wallet in your purse.
Conceal it in a buttoned or zippered pocket where it doesn't show a bulge.
Use a purse that is difficult to open. A purse with a zipper or snaps is best.
If you are carrying a shoulder bag, place the strap(s) diagonally across your body, as opposed to carrying it on one shoulder. This keeps the purse in front of you, instead of at your side or behind you, which sometimes happens with purses with long straps.
If you are carrying a hand bag, then make sure to hold it close to the front of your body, instead of holding it on your wrist or loosely in your hand.
Never leave your purse unattended on a store counter or in a grocery shopping cart.
Pickpocket Prevention Tips for Travelers
No one ever expects to have their vacation or business trip interrupted by a criminal act, but there are additional precautions that you can take to help ensure a safe, enjoyable trip:
Pack a photocopy of your airline tickets, passport, credit cards and any other documents that would be impossible or inconvenient to replace if stolen.
Keep a list, separate from your wallet, of contact numbers to report lost credit cards.
Don't wander into risky areas alone or at night, and try to avoid buses that are "standing room only."
It's always a good idea to carry your
valuables in a money belt and leave your expensive jewelry at home.
Large Crowd Safety Tips
The first and most important thing is to consciously make yourself aware of your surroundings and mentally notice alternate exits. No matter where you are, make sure you always know how to get out. If you can, try to leave the place from a different way than the one you came in.
Make yourself aware of the type of terrain you are standing on: in a moving crowd wet or uneven ground can be slippery or hazardous.
Do not stand near or climb on benches, temporary scaffoldings, such as the award ceremony stage, the start/finish banner or time display structures, which could collapse under too much weight or pressure.
Be aware of the general atmosphere of the event, as panic situations can often be easily anticipated. When in danger, few seconds can make all the difference, giving you the possibility of taking advantage of your escaping route.
Panicked crowds move fast and release an incredible amount of energy, usually compared to the energy generated by a running train: once a crowd gets moving it is very hard to stop, and the flow of people could literally sweep you off your feet.
So, if you find yourself in the middle of a moving crowd do not fight against the pressure, stand still or sit down, because you could easily get trampled.
Instead, move in the same direction of the crowd, take advantage of any space that may open up to move sideways to the crowd movement where the flow is weaker.
If you fall, get up quickly. If you can't get up because you are injured, get someone to pull you back up.
Because the noise level in a crowd could be too loud for shouting to be effective, use gestures to communicate to each other.
Grab your friend's hand or shoulder to remain together. Alternatively, decide on a gathering point where you will meet and account for each other, should you get separated.
If you fall and cannot get up, keep moving by crawling in the same direction of the crowd, or if that is not possible, then cover your head with your arms and curl up into the fetal position (do not lay on your stomach or back, as this dangerously exposes your lungs).
The worst scenario is to be pushed by the crowd against an immovable object. Try to stay away from walls, fences or barricades, as the crowd pressure can build up rapidly. On the other hand, if you are at the back of a crowd that seems jammed, do not push it, as it could pose a threat to someone else safety.
Always make sure the laces or your running shoes are tied so you do not trip and fall. If you lose your shoes in a crowd crush or stampede, do not stop or backtrack to get them. The same is valid for all personal belongings (money, cellular phone, bib, timing chip): if they fall, just abandon them and keep moving in the same direction of the crowd.
Protect your skin from the summer sun
Many people are at risk of developing skin cancer during the summer time
If you spend a lot of time out in the sun – wear sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or greater and cover up during the sunniest part of the day (10 a.m. to 4 p.m.). According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, there are three main forms of skin cancer that can be caused by prolonged sun exposure – basal cell carcinoma (the least serious), squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma (the most serious, and sometimes fatal).
People at greatest risk of getting cancer from the sun are those who:
Always burn when they’ve been out in the sun
Have red or blond hair, green or blue eyes, freckles, and fair skin
Have a family history of melanoma
Symptoms of developing skin cancer include:
Change in the size or color of a mole
A sore that doesn’t heal
Any skin growth that increases in size
A spot on the skin that itches, hurts, or keeps scabbing
Check your body from head to toe every 3 months. If you notice any of the symptoms listed above, see your doctor right away. The Skin Cancer Foundation says that most skin cancer can be cured if it is diagnosed and treated early.
Mosquito and Tick Bites Prevention Tips
As kids all over the world are enjoying summertime outdoors, it's important to remember that the biting bugs that come with warm weather can lead to illness. People of all ages can take some simple steps to prevent bites from mosquitoes and ticks to reduce the risk of the diseases spread by those pests. To reduce the possibility of being bitten by insects or arthropods that can transmit diseases (vector-borne), such as malaria, dengue, and tickborne encephalitis (TBE), you should
Use an insect repellent on exposed skin to repel mosquitoes, ticks, fleas and other arthropods. EPA-registered repellents include products containing DEET (N,N-diethylmetatoluamide) and picaridin (KBR 3023). DEET concentrations of 30% to 50% are effective for several hours. Picaridin, available at 7% and 15 % concentrations, needs more frequent application.
DEET formulations as high as 50% are recommended for both adults and children over 2 months of age. Protect infants less than 2 months of age by using a carrier draped with mosquito netting with an elastic edge for a tight fit.
When using sunscreen, apply sunscreen first and then repellent. Repellent should be washed off at the end of the day before going to bed.
Wear long-sleeved shirts which should be tucked in, long pants, and hats to cover exposed skin. When you visit areas with ticks and fleas, wear boots, not sandals, and tuck pants into socks.
Inspect your body and clothing for ticks during outdoor activity and at the end of the day. Wear light-colored or white clothing so ticks can be more easily seen. Removing ticks right away can prevent some infections.
Apply permethrin-containing (e.g., Permanone) or other insect repellents to clothing, shoes, tents, mosquito nets, and other gear for greater protection. Permethrin is not labeled for use directly on skin. Most repellent is generally removed from clothing and gear by a single washing, but permethrin-treated clothing is effective for up to 5 washings.
Be aware that mosquitoes that transmit malaria are most active during twilight periods (dawn and dusk or in the evening).
Stay in air-conditioned or well-screened housing, and/ or sleep under an insecticide treated bed net. Bed nets should be tucked under mattresses and can be sprayed with a repellent if not already treated with an insecticide.
Daytime biters include mosquitoes that transmit dengue and chikungunya viruses and sand flies that transmit leishmaniasis.
Fire Safety Tips
Regardless of the cause of fires, everyone needs to know how to respond in case:
| Install a smoke alarm on every floor of
your home. Check the batteries once a month, and change the batteries at least
twice a year. |
| Keep fire extinguishers where they are
most likely to be needed and keep matches out of children's reach. |
| Always keep space heaters away from
curtains and other flammable materials. |
| Install guards around fireplaces, radiators, pipes and wood-burning stoves. |
Plan and practice a fire escape route with your family or roommates. Gather everyone together at a convenient time.
| Sketch a floor plan of all rooms,
including doors, windows and hallways. include all floors of the home. |
| Plan and draw the escape plan with
arrows showing two ways, if possible, to get out of each room. Sleeping areas
are most important, since many fires happen at night. |
| Plan to use stairs only, never an
elevator. |
| Plan where everyone will meet after
leaving the building. |
| Designate who should call the fire
department and from which phone. |
| Plan to leave the burning building first and then call from a phone nearby, if possible. |
Remember and use the following guidelines to escape from fire:
| If smoke is present, crawl low to
escape. Because smoke rises in a fire, breathable air is often close to the
floor. |
| Make sure children can open windows, go
down a ladder and lower themselves to the ground. |
| Practice with them. Always lower
children to the ground first before you go out a window. |
| Get out quickly and do not, under any
circumstances, return to a burning building. |
| If you cannot escape, stay in the room
and stuff door cracks and vents with wet towels, rags or clothing. |
| If a phone is available, call the fire department”even if rescuers are already outside”and tell the call taker your location |
Contact your local fire department for additional safety guidelines
After Dark Safety Tips
Daylight Saving Time comes to an end on Sunday. This means we can all sleep an extra hour Sunday morning and still have breakfast at the usual time. It also means the professional criminals gain an extra hour of prime-time darkness in which to work.
Here are some safety issues that you
should consider when day turns to night:
NEVER attend an automatic teller machine
(ATM) after darkness. ALWAYS do your banking during the day.
NEVER turn on an inside light to illuminate yourself when responding to a knock
on your door at night. ALWAYS turn the outside light on so you can see them
instead.
NEVER go jogging at night, especially if you are a woman. ALWAYS get up an hour
earlier and jog in the morning.
NEVER walk alone at night. ALWAYS walk with a friend and both keep to well-lit
paths and roads.
NEVER drive at night with your fuel gauge on empty. ALWAYS keep your tank at
least half full.
NEVER pick up a hitch-hiker at night. In fact, NEVER pick up a hitch-hiker
during the day either. Walking is exercise and exercise will be good for them.
Public Transportation Safety Tips
Become familiar with the different bus and trolley routes and their schedules.
When traveling at night it is better to use above-ground transportation systems. Buses, the above-ground stretches of subway/surface lines and elevated lines give less cover for criminal activity.
If you do travel underground, be aware of the emergency call boxes on the platform.
Whenever possible, try to sit near the driver.
In the subway station stand back from the platform edge.
Don't fall asleep! Stay Alert!
Safety Tips for College Student:
One of the best part about college is that
you're suddenly free to do whatever you want. You can stay out late, hit parties
during the week and ... well, there's studying too, we guess. But just because
you can head home at 2AM doesn't mean that you're totally safe doing so. Let's
go over some simple rules for staying safe on campus at night:
Doesn't matter if you're a guy or girl, walk with a friend ... or more than one.
Small groups are more intimidating to anyone who'd think about messing with you.
Have your keys out and ready if you're walking to your car. Fumbling for them
takes your attention away from what's going on around you, leaving you
vulnerable.
Carry mace or pepper spray on your keychain. You can buy a bottle small enough
to fit in your purse or pocket, but big enough to still incapacitate someone.
Most campuses have a volunteer escort service to either walk with you or drive
you home at night. Don't be afraid to take advantage of this kind of thing, even
(or especially) if you've been drinking. These services are there for you, so
put them to work!
If you're off-campus, take a cab back to the school. While many schools have
security patrols around the campus, criminals know that the streets aren't
watched even a few blocks away. We've known several people who've been mugged
even a block from school.
If your school uses ids or badges to get into buildings, make sure that you
don't hold the door open for strangers. There are people out there who might be
waiting to take advantage of your kindness to get into a dorm, for example,
where doors are often left open and rooms unattended.
If you see anyone suspicious on campus, call campus security or the police.
There are non-emergency police lines that you can call to report suspicious
activity, so have them programmed into your cell phone. Can't hurt to have that
number at hand, even when it's not an emergency.
Before Terrorist Attacks
Terrorists look for visible targets where they can avoid detection before or after an attack such as international airports, large cities, major international events, resorts, and high-profile landmarks.
Learn about the different
types of terrorist weapons including explosives, kidnappings, hijackings, arson,
and shootings.
Prepare to deal with a terrorist incident by adapting many of the same
techniques used to prepare for other crises.
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Be alert and aware of the surrounding area. The very nature of terrorism suggests that there may be little or no warning. |
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Take precautions when traveling. Be aware of conspicuous or unusual behavior. Do not accept packages from strangers. Do not leave luggage unattended. |
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Learn where emergency exits are located. Think ahead about how to evacuate a building, subway or congested public area in a hurry. Learn where staircases are located. |
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Notice your immediate surroundings. Be aware of heavy or breakable objects that could move, fall or break in an explosion. |
Preparing for a Building Explosion
The use of explosives by terrorists can result in collapsed buildings and fires.
People who live or work in a multi-level building can do the following:
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Review emergency evacuation procedures. Know where fire exits are located. |
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Keep fire extinguishers in working order. Know where they are located, and how to use them. Learn first aid. Contact the local chapter of the American Red Cross for additional information. |
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Keep the following items in a designated place on each floor of the building. |
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Portable, battery-operated radio and extra batteries |
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Several flashlights and extra batteries |
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First aid kit and manual |
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Several hard hats |
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Fluorescent tape to rope off dangerous areas |
Bomb Threats
If you receive a bomb threat, get as much information from the caller as
possible. Keep the caller on the line and record everything that is said. Notify
the police and the building management.
After you've been notified of a bomb threat, do not touch any suspicious
packages. Clear the area around the suspicious package and notify the police
immediately. In evacuating a building, avoid standing in front of windows or
other potentially hazardous areas. Do not restrict sidewalk or streets to be
used by emergency officials.
Understanding the Homeland Security Advisory System
The world has changed since September 11, 2001. We remain a nation at risk to terrorist attacks and will remain at risk for the foreseeable future. At all Threat Conditions, we must remain vigilant, prepared, and ready to deter terrorist attacks. The following Threat Conditions each represent an increasing risk of terrorist attacks. Beneath each Threat Condition are some suggested Protective Measures, recognizing that the heads of Federal departments and agencies are responsible for developing and implementing appropriate agency-specific Protective Measures:
1. Low
Condition (Green) :
This condition is declared when there is a low risk of terrorist attacks.
Federal departments and agencies should consider the following general measures
in addition to the agency specific Protective Measures they develop and
implement:
| Refining and exercising as appropriate preplanned Protective Measures; |
| Ensuring personnel receive proper training on the Homeland Security Advisory System and specific preplanned department or agency Protective Measures; and |
| Institutionalizing a process to assure that all facilities and regulated sectors are regularly assessed for vulnerabilities to terrorist attacks, and all reasonable measures are taken to mitigate these vulnerabilities. |
2. Guarded
Condition (Blue) :
This condition is declared when there is a general
risk of terrorist attacks. In addition to the Protective Measures taken in the
previous Threat Condition, Federal departments and agencies should consider the
following general measures in addition to the agency-specific Protective
Measures that they will develop and implement:
| Checking communications with designated emergency response or command locations; |
| Reviewing and updating emergency response procedures; and |
| Providing the public with any information that would strengthen its ability to act appropriately. |
3. Elevated
Condition (Yellow) :
An Elevated Condition is declared when there is a
significant risk of terrorist attacks. In addition to the Protective Measures
taken in the previous Threat Conditions, Federal departments and agencies should
consider the following general measures in addition to the Protective Measures
that they will develop and implement:
| Increasing surveillance of critical locations; |
| Coordinating emergency plans as appropriate with nearby jurisdictions; |
| Assessing whether the precise characteristics of the threat require the further refinement of preplanned Protective Measures; and |
| Implementing, as appropriate, contingency and emergency response plans. |
4. High
Condition (Orange) :
A High Condition is declared when there is a high risk
of terrorist attacks. In addition to the Protective Measures taken in the
previous Threat Conditions, Federal departments and agencies should consider the
following general measures in addition to the agency-specific Protective
Measures that they will develop and implement:
| Coordinating necessary security efforts with Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies or any National Guard or other appropriate armed forces organizations; |
| Taking additional precautions at public events and possibly considering alternative venues or even cancellation; |
| Preparing to execute contingency procedures, such as moving to an alternate site or dispersing their workforce; and |
| Restricting threatened facility access to essential personnel only. |
5. Severe
Condition (Red) :
A Severe Condition reflects a severe risk of
terrorist attacks. Under most circumstances, the Protective Measures for a
Severe Condition are not intended to be sustained for substantial periods of
time. In addition to the Protective Measures in the previous Threat Conditions,
Federal departments and agencies also should consider the following general
measures in addition to the agency-specific Protective Measures that they will
develop and implement:
| Increasing or redirecting personnel to address critical emergency needs; |
| Assigning emergency response personnel and pre-positioning and mobilizing specially trained teams or resources; |
| Monitoring, redirecting, or constraining transportation systems; and |
| Closing public and government facilities. |
During Terrorirt Attacks
In a building explosion, get out of the building as quickly and calmly as possible
If items are falling off of bookshelves or from the ceiling, get under a sturdy table or desk. If there is a fire.
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Stay low to the floor and exit the building as quickly as possible. |
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Cover nose and mouth with a wet cloth. |
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When approaching a closed door, use the palm of your hand and forearm to feel the lower, middle and upper parts of the door. If it is not hot, brace yourself against the door and open it slowly. If it is hot to the touch, do not open the door--seek an alternate escape route. |
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Heavy smoke and poisonous gases collect first along the ceiling. Stay below the smoke at all times. |
Understanding the Homeland Security Advisory System
The world has changed since September 11, 2001. We remain a nation at risk to terrorist attacks and will remain at risk for the foreseeable future. At all Threat Conditions, we must remain vigilant, prepared, and ready to deter terrorist attacks. The following Threat Conditions each represent an increasing risk of terrorist attacks. Beneath each Threat Condition are some suggested Protective Measures, recognizing that the heads of Federal departments and agencies are responsible for developing and implementing appropriate agency-specific Protective Measures:
1. Low
Condition (Green) :
This condition is declared when there is a low risk of terrorist attacks.
Federal departments and agencies should consider the following general measures
in addition to the agency specific Protective Measures they develop and
implement:
| Refining and exercising as appropriate preplanned Protective Measures; |
| Ensuring personnel receive proper training on the Homeland Security Advisory System and specific preplanned department or agency Protective Measures; and |
| Institutionalizing a process to assure that all facilities and regulated sectors are regularly assessed for vulnerabilities to terrorist attacks, and all reasonable measures are taken to mitigate these vulnerabilities. |
2. Guarded
Condition (Blue) :
This condition is declared when there is a general
risk of terrorist attacks. In addition to the Protective Measures taken in the
previous Threat Condition, Federal departments and agencies should consider the
following general measures in addition to the agency-specific Protective
Measures that they will develop and implement:
| Checking communications with designated emergency response or command locations; |
| Reviewing and updating emergency response procedures; and |
| Providing the public with any information that would strengthen its ability to act appropriately. |
3. Elevated
Condition (Yellow) :
An Elevated Condition is declared when there is a
significant risk of terrorist attacks. In addition to the Protective Measures
taken in the previous Threat Conditions, Federal departments and agencies should
consider the following general measures in addition to the Protective Measures
that they will develop and implement:
| Increasing surveillance of critical locations; |
| Coordinating emergency plans as appropriate with nearby jurisdictions; |
| Assessing whether the precise characteristics of the threat require the further refinement of preplanned Protective Measures; and |
| Implementing, as appropriate, contingency and emergency response plans. |
4. High
Condition (Orange) :
A High Condition is declared when there is a high risk
of terrorist attacks. In addition to the Protective Measures taken in the
previous Threat Conditions, Federal departments and agencies should consider the
following general measures in addition to the agency-specific Protective
Measures that they will develop and implement:
| Coordinating necessary security efforts with Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies or any National Guard or other appropriate armed forces organizations; |
| Taking additional precautions at public events and possibly considering alternative venues or even cancellation; |
| Preparing to execute contingency procedures, such as moving to an alternate site or dispersing their workforce; and |
| Restricting threatened facility access to essential personnel only. |
5. Severe
Condition (Red) :
A Severe Condition reflects a severe risk of
terrorist attacks. Under most circumstances, the Protective Measures for a
Severe Condition are not intended to be sustained for substantial periods of
time. In addition to the Protective Measures in the previous Threat Conditions,
Federal departments and agencies also should consider the following general
measures in addition to the agency-specific Protective Measures that they will
develop and implement:
| Increasing or redirecting personnel to address critical emergency needs; |
| Assigning emergency response personnel and pre-positioning and mobilizing specially trained teams or resources; |
| Monitoring, redirecting, or constraining transportation systems; and |
| Closing public and government facilities. |
After Terrorist Attacks
Follow the following guidelines after Terrorist Attacks
If you are trapped in debris:
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Use a flashlight. |
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Stay in your area so that you don't kick up dust. Cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing. |
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Tap on a pipe or wall so that rescuers can hear where you are. Use a whistle if one is available. Shout only as a last resort--shouting can cause a person to inhale dangerous amounts of dust. |
Assisting Victims
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Untrained persons should not attempt to rescue people who are inside a collapsed building. Wait for emergency personnel to arrive. |
Chemical Agents
Chemical agents are poisonous gases, liquids or solids that have toxic effects
on people, animals or plants. Most chemical agents cause serious injuries or
death.
Severity of injuries depends on the type and amount of the chemical agent used,
and the duration of exposure.
Were a chemical agent attack to occur, authorities would instruct citizens to
either seek shelter where they are and seal the premises or evacuate
immediately. Exposure to chemical agents can be fatal. Leaving the shelter to
rescue or assist victims can be a deadly decision. There is no assistance that
the untrained can offer that would likely be of any value to the victims of
chemical agents.
Biological Agents
Biological agents are organisms or toxins that have illness-producing effects on
people, livestock and crops.
Because biological agents cannot necessarily be detected and may take time to
grow and cause a disease, it is almost impossible to know that a biological
attack has occurred. If government officials become aware of a biological attack
through an informant or warning by terrorists, they would most likely instruct
citizens to either seek shelter where they are and seal the premises or evacuate
immediately.
A person affected by a biological agent requires the immediate attention of
professional medical personnel. Some agents are contagious, and victims may need
to be quarantined. Also, some medical facilities may not receive victims for
fear of contaminating the hospital population.
More information on Bioterrorism preparedness and response is available online
from the Department of Health and Human Services Center for Disease Control.
Understanding the Homeland Security Advisory System
The world has changed since September 11, 2001. We remain a nation at risk to terrorist attacks and will remain at risk for the foreseeable future. At all Threat Conditions, we must remain vigilant, prepared, and ready to deter terrorist attacks. The following Threat Conditions each represent an increasing risk of terrorist attacks. Beneath each Threat Condition are some suggested Protective Measures, recognizing that the heads of Federal departments and agencies are responsible for developing and implementing appropriate agency-specific Protective Measures:
1. Low
Condition (Green) :
This condition is declared when there is a low risk of terrorist attacks.
Federal departments and agencies should consider the following general measures
in addition to the agency specific Protective Measures they develop and
implement:
| Refining and exercising as appropriate preplanned Protective Measures; |
| Ensuring personnel receive proper training on the Homeland Security Advisory System and specific preplanned department or agency Protective Measures; and |
| Institutionalizing a process to assure that all facilities and regulated sectors are regularly assessed for vulnerabilities to terrorist attacks, and all reasonable measures are taken to mitigate these vulnerabilities. |
2. Guarded
Condition (Blue) :
This condition is declared when there is a general
risk of terrorist attacks. In addition to the Protective Measures taken in the
previous Threat Condition, Federal departments and agencies should consider the
following general measures in addition to the agency-specific Protective
Measures that they will develop and implement:
| Checking communications with designated emergency response or command locations; |
| Reviewing and updating emergency response procedures; and |
| Providing the public with any information that would strengthen its ability to act appropriately. |
3. Elevated
Condition (Yellow) :
An Elevated Condition is declared when there is a
significant risk of terrorist attacks. In addition to the Protective Measures
taken in the previous Threat Conditions, Federal departments and agencies should
consider the following general measures in addition to the Protective Measures
that they will develop and implement:
| Increasing surveillance of critical locations; |
| Coordinating emergency plans as appropriate with nearby jurisdictions; |
| Assessing whether the precise characteristics of the threat require the further refinement of preplanned Protective Measures; and |
| Implementing, as appropriate, contingency and emergency response plans. |
4. High
Condition (Orange) :
A High Condition is declared when there is a high risk
of terrorist attacks. In addition to the Protective Measures taken in the
previous Threat Conditions, Federal departments and agencies should consider the
following general measures in addition to the agency-specific Protective
Measures that they will develop and implement:
| Coordinating necessary security efforts with Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies or any National Guard or other appropriate armed forces organizations; |
| Taking additional precautions at public events and possibly considering alternative venues or even cancellation; |
| Preparing to execute contingency procedures, such as moving to an alternate site or dispersing their workforce; and |
| Restricting threatened facility access to essential personnel only. |
5. Severe
Condition (Red) :
A Severe Condition reflects a severe risk of
terrorist attacks. Under most circumstances, the Protective Measures for a
Severe Condition are not intended to be sustained for substantial periods of
time. In addition to the Protective Measures in the previous Threat Conditions,
Federal departments and agencies also should consider the following general
measures in addition to the agency-specific Protective Measures that they will
develop and implement:
| Increasing or redirecting personnel to address critical emergency needs; |
| Assigning emergency response personnel and pre-positioning and mobilizing specially trained teams or resources; |
| Monitoring, redirecting, or constraining transportation systems; and |
| Closing public and government facilities. |
How to Survive a Plane Crash
Steps to Survive a Plane Crash
First, you have to know a little bit about
your plane. Know what kind of planes crash, and which ones have a good track
records.
It is a proven scientific fact, that the survival rate is much higher if you sit
at the rear of the plane. If you sit at the front of the plane, what part of the
plane do you think makes contact with the ground first? Exactly. Just sit where
you'll take less of the impact.
If you seat by the doors, you can be sucked out of the cabin of a pressurized
plane. A little known fact is that a lot of deaths in planes are due to people
being sucked out of the cabin at high altitudes. The survival rate of that is
about non
The oxygen masks have dropped down. Oxygen is a gas that calms you down, a
little is ok, but when you put the mask on and inhale like a S.O.B, good luck
staying conscious or trying to swim after you make a water landing. Oxygen calms
you to the point where it's almost like sleeping gas. So if you wan try to run
away from the plane when it's on the ground after it's caught on fire, or you
want to try to stay afloat after a water landing. DON'T BREATH TO MUCH, just
enough so that you can breath through a fire.
In the event of a crash, there are things you can do to give you a better shot at making it out alive. Following are five tips that everyone should know before they get on their next flight:
| After you board, find the two closest exits and count the rows between them and your seat. In the event of darkness or smoke, feel the seats and count until you reach the exit row. |
| Ready for the impact. The official FAA crash position is to extend your arms, cross your hands and place them on the seat in front of you, and then place your head against the back of your hands. Tuck your feet under your seat as far as you can. If you have no seat in front of you, bend your upper body over with your head down and wrap your arms behind your knees. Always stow your carry-on bag under the seat in front of you to block the area. |
| Wear long pants, sleeves and closed-toed shoes. This will help protect you from glass, metal and the elements. |
| If you're with your family, talk to your children about what to do in the event of an emergency. Divide the responsibility of helping your children between you and your spouse. It's easier for one parent to help a single child than for both to try to keep everyone together. |
| Pay attention to the preflight instructions, as all planes are different. When the oxygen mask drops, put it on yourself first before attempting to help someone else. If you fall unconscious, you have no chance of helping your travel mate. |
Home invasion
Home invasion is the crime of entering a private and occupied dwelling, with the intent of committing a crime and often while threatening the resident. It is a legally defined offense in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand, and applies even if entry is not forced. It can even apply if someone is invited into a home and remains on the premises after being asked to leave by the resident.
Home invasion differs from burglary. Burglary is illegal entry into any occupied or unoccupied building, with intent to commit a felony, often theft. Home invasion sometimes involves several criminals, whereas burglary tends to be performed by a single perpetrator.
Home invasion may be accompanied by other crimes. The invaders may follow their victims home, commit breaking and entering, and are sometimes intent on assault, robbery, or rape.
Home invasion is the residential version of automobile carjacking. Most home invasions occur at nights and on weekends when homes are more likely to be occupied. Criminals committing this kind of crime rarely work alone and rely on an overwhelming physical confrontation to gain control and instill fear in their victims.
The best defense against home invasion crimes is education and planning. It is recommended to have a security plan for escape routes out of a residence or a safe location within the home with a telephone so police can be alerted.
Tips For Preventing Home Invasion
Have a solid-core door for all entrance points.
Use a quality, heavy-duty deadbolt lock with a one-inch throw bolt.
Use a quality, heavy-duty, knob-in-lock set with a dead-latch mechanism.
Use a heavy-duty, four-screw, strike plate with three-inch screws to penetrate into a wooden door frame.
Use a secondary blocking device on all sliding glass doors.
Use anti-lift devices such as through-the-door pins or upper track screws.
Use highly visible alarm decals and beware of dog decals or neighborhood watch decals.
Secure all accessible windows with secondary blocking devices.
Make sure someone cannot reach through an open window to unlock a door or remove a blocking device.
Use anti-lift devices to prevent the window from being lifted out.
Secure windows at night and, if need be, leave only a slight opening for ventilation purposes.
Set your phone to speed dial 9-1-1.
Get to know your adjacent neighbors.
Agree to watch out for each other's home.
Use motion sensor lights near or around key entry points.
Use good lighting along pathways to and from main entry points.
Make sure any exterior lighting allows for 100-foot visibility.
Make sure your alarm system has an audible horn or bell to be effective.
Instruct your neighbors how to respond to your alarm should it become activated.
Be sure to activate your alarm system before leaving home or before retiring for the evening.
Identify your valuables by engraving objects with a set of numbers that only you would know, make a list of the items and their numbers and keep the list in a safe deposit box or somewhere in your home.
Photograph items of value.
Photocopy the contents of your wallet and other important documents.
Do not keep the PIN for your credit cards or debit cards in the same place.
When going on vacation, have a friend of family member (someone trustworthy) to stay in your home while you are gone. If that is not possible have a neighbor, friend, or family member keep an eye on your home and come by daily to take in the mail and any newspapers you have delivered.
If you do not have anyone available to check your home, and take in your mail, you can have your mail held for you at the post office.
Tips for Home Alone Children
To check in with you or a neighbor immediately after arriving home.
How to call 9-1-1, or your area's emergency number, or call the operator.
How to give directions to your home, in case of emergency.
To never accept gifts or rides from people they don't know well.
How to use the door and window locks, and the alarm system if you have one.
To never let anyone into your home without asking your permission.
To never let a caller at the door or on the phone know that they're alone. Teach them to say "Mom can't come to the phone (or door) right now."
To carry a house key with them in a safe place (inside a shirt pocket or sock). Don't leave it under a mat or on a ledge outside the house.
How to escape in case of fire.
Not to go into an empty house or apartment if things don't look right - a broken window, ripped screen, or opened door.
For more information about crime
prevention call the Rockville City Police Department Community Services Officer
Getting Home Tips for Home Alone Children
Have a set route coming home from school and don't take short cuts. Communicate that route with your parents.
Know when you should be home and share that with your parents. If you're going to be late, always call and let them know.
Know safe places you can go to on your way home if you have trouble. A trusted neighbor's house would be great.
If you confront someone or something that is suspicious to you, cross the street or change directions. Trust your instincts.
Try to walk with others. It's much safer when you're with a group than by yourself.
Don't accept any rides unless prearranged by your parents and it is someone you know and trust.
Stay alert to what is going on around you to avoid being surprised.
Tips for Parents Leaving Children Home Alone
The followings are Tips for Parents leaving Children Home Alone
Have realistic expectations about your child's ability to handle being home alone. This includes intellectual and emotional skills as well as the ability to handle emergencies.
Don't let convenience be the deciding factor to let your children stay home alone.
Keep well informed about your child's friends, activities and schedule. Always provide them a way to contact you at a moment's notice.
Ensure that the physical security of your home is adequate. A crime prevention officer can visit your home and provide a security survey at no cost. Recommendations will be given to improve the overall security of your home.
Above all, spend time with your child and discuss their responsibilities when you are away. Listen to their concerns and resolve them.
Contact the Community Policing Unit, 913/895-6408, with any questions or concerns you may have.
How to measure a child’s readiness to be Home Alone
There is no magic formula to measure a child’s readiness to assume self care at home. Very often, circumstances drive the issue; daycare might become unavailable, cost-prohibitive, or unsatisfactory, or there is no neighbor nearby to provide supervision along with their own children.
A latchkey child should want to stay alone, and be comfortable assuming the additional responsibility. Some experts suggest that an excellent way to find out is to ask your child -- most children will tell the truth. If your youngster is prone to be a worrier, has nightmares, or is nervous or anxious when he or she is alone, they may not be ready to stay by themselves.
There are children, on the other hand, who will welcome the opportunity to demonstrate their maturity and will take pride in being allowed to take charge. In most cases, however, it will probably take a considerable amount of family discussion before a decision is reached.
Tips for Elderly people staying Home Alone
Living alone as a senior citizen can allow
you to be independent and self sufficient. For many seniors living alone is
preferable to living with an adult child, being placed in a retirement home or
even living in an assisted living facility. But living alone when you are a
senior can have its pitfalls and challenges as well. These senior tips for
living alone can help to keep you safe while you enjoy the lifestyle you love.
1. Live Healthy Perhaps the best senior tip for living alone is to make every
effort to live a healthy lifestyle. Sticking to a good, healthy diet, getting
regular, age appropriate exercise, making sure to get enough sleep and taking
your prescribed medications are essential to keeping you fit and able to deal
with problems on your own or with limited help.
2. Get Organized An important senior tip for living alone is to develop a system
in your home that allows you to feel and be organized. It doesn't necessarily
have to be a system that works for anyone but you.
3. Get Back-up A great senior tip for
helping you to feel confident , comfortable and secure while living alone is to
train ourself to maintain back up supplies . Certainly for those times when the
power goes off, you will want to have back-ups like flashlights, batteries,
blankets, candles and matches placed where they can be easily reached. A well
stocked freezer, extra canned goods, surplus paper products and plenty of
bottled water will all help you to feel prepared for any mishaps.
4. Stay Safe There are literally hundreds of tips to help seniors keep safe when
living alone. You can organize your own thinking about home safety by starting
outside and working your way in. A useful senior tip is to make sure you get to
know your neighbors. You can add to your sense of security in your own home by
installing reliable locks or a security system that suits your needs in your
particular neighborhood.
5. Get Connected. The best source of assistance for some seniors may well be other seniors. A god senior tip is to get connected with the senior community in your area. Today senior centers are more than places to socialize over coffee and donuts.
Tips for Children Traveling Alone on Airlines
Thousands of children travel unaccompanied every day.
Tips for Children Traveling Alone on Airlines
Thousands of children travel unaccompanied every day. This feature describes the unaccompanied minor; airport procedures; travel tips; and what happens when flights are delayed or canceled.
The short answer is a child traveling without a parent, guardian, or another trusted adult that the child knows.
The age requirements that are generally used by the airlines to define the unaccompanied minor are children between the ages of five and eleven years old (and sometimes up to 15 - it is always advisable to contact the airline to make sure that they accept unaccompanied minors as passengers).
Almost all airlines will charge for their unaccompanied minor services, usually assessed per direction. It is important to note that if a child will be traveling on more than one airline there is the potential that you may be paying more than one fee
A number of airports will have a specific area for checking in unaccompanied minors, or other passengers requiring special assistance. Look for signs that indicate this
Airlines also have items to help keep track of unaccompanied minors. Airlines may provide a baseball cap, pin or button, or a lanyard
An airline representative takes the unaccompanied minor through security and brings them to the gate where the child will be escorted on board by an airline representative, normally prior to other passengers.
The adult who brings the unaccompanied minor to the airport is required to stay until the airplane departs.
During the flight, the unaccompanied minor is supervised by the inflight crew. Upon landing at the destination the child will wait until the passengers not requiring assistance have left the aircraft, and the inflight crew will hand the child over to a member of the airline's airport staff.
Traveling on one's own for the first time can be both nerve-racking and frightening. Prepare a child for the upcoming travel by explaining the details of the trip. Understanding the process will alleviate stress for everyone.
A good night's sleep always makes it easier to face the prospect of travel, so try to make sure that the child is well rested.
For longer flights, it is a good idea to order a children's meal. If he/she is a fussy eater pack some snacks that will appeal to the child traveling alone.
Children often feel better when they have something familiar with them. Pack a favorite item in the child's carry-on so that he/she will feel more comfortable with traveling alone.
There are the inevitable delays, so it is always good to pack a book, activity pad, hand held game, etc.
Place a brief medical history and a list of phone contacts in the child's carry-on bag. Advise the airline representative of where it can be found. Such information is extremely helpful in case of an emergency. Calling cards are also useful to pack in the child's carry-on
Make certain that the person meeting the child at the point of arrival is aware of all the rules involved in the unaccompanied minor process - bringing photo identification, meeting area, etc..
If you are sending a child unaccompanied, it is always a good idea to pack a bit of money for snacks or drinks either on board a flight or during the waiting time between connections.
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